Can innovation happen inside large humanitarian organizations, and if so, what are effective--and ineffective--ways to foster that? NGOs which have already achieved massive scale provide a golden opportunity and ready market for actually attaining wide-spread impact. What is the role of start-ups, the synergies between the newbies and established charities, and other ways that social entrepreneurs and impact investors can impact millions of lives for good? The panel will describe failures, successes, lessons learned, opportunities they see and especially war stories of scaling from their organizations. Special focus may be given to innovation and scaling in “fragile states”—those nations/contexts where poverty is least being solved.